Different Sources Of Energy

Different Sources Of Energy

In our daily lives, we use energy for doing work, which is taken from various sources. For instance, we use energy to lift a box or use an electrical energy to light a lamp, etc. The different form of energies like muscular energy, electrical energy, chemical energy, heat energy, kinetic energy, etc. comes from various sources. A good source of energy would be one which would do a large amount of work per unit volume or mass, easily accessible , easy to store and transport, and economical.

There are two forms of energy, renewable and non -renewable energy.

A non-renewable resource cannot be produced,regenerated, or reused . These are limited.
A renewable resource can be produced and reused.

In ancient times, wood was the most common source of heat energy, while energy of flowing water and blowing wind was used for various purposes. The need for energy was high, as we entered into the industrialization era. This led us to find new forms of energy for the betterment of all life forms over the world. The growing demand of energy was met by the fossil fuels-coal and petroleum. These are formed from millions of years ago and it is limited. These fuels which are non-renewable sources of energy should be saved and conserved. These fossil fuels are burnt every day in power stations to heat water and to generate electricity. Here the process of converting heat energy  into electrical energy takes place.

The Various other Sources of Energy

The various renewable sources of energy are the following:-

1.Solar energy

2. Wind energy

3.Rain

4. Tidal energy

5.Geothermal energy

6.Hydrothermal energy

Hydro Power Plants:-

            The Kinetic energy of flowing water or the potential energy of the water at a height is converted into electrical energy in the Hydro-power plants. This energy is used for various purposes and it is economical. Dams are constructed for these purposes.

Bio-Mass:-

   In recent times the cow-dung cakes are used as a fuel to replace the use of wood which leads to the cutting of trees. Since these fuels are from plants and animals they are called as bio-mass.

Wind Energy:-

The Kinetic energy of the wind can be used to do work. This energy is used in the windmills to do some work like, to lift water from well and in water lifting pump. Now this energy is used to generate electricity. This energy is renewable and economical.

Non-Conventional sources of energy

 The technology growth has increased our demand for energy which has led us to invent new forms of sources.

Solar Energy:-

Solar power is an important energy sources of the earth.  All the living power directly or indirectly derive the energy from the solar system that is from the sun.  Solar power is continuous in some part of the world except for the nights.  That means the sunlight is continuous in all part of the year.  The solar energy can be converted into electric energy and heat energy.  Most of the fossil fuels are spend in the developing countries for heating purpose. By using solar energy the pollution can be controlled and the fossil fuel can be saved to other useful thing.

Technology is need to use the solar power to convert into fuel and to be stored.  New type of Batteries are to be invented for storing large amount of energy.

Energy from the sea

Tidal Energy:-
The level of water in the sea rises and falls due to the gravitational pull. These high and low tides give us tidal energy which is harnessed by constructing a dam across the sea. This tidal energy is converted into electrical energy.

Wave energy:-
The kinetic energy by huge waves is used to generate electricity. Technology has led us to invent new devices for this purpose.

Geo Thermal energy

The geological changes have led to the formation of few hot springs. The steam from the spring is trapped and is used to generate electricity. New Zealand and United States of America  are known for this Geo thermal energy.

Nuclear Energy

The process of nuclear fission is used to produce steam and further to generate electricity. The nucleus of a heavy atom is bombarded with low energy neutrons for producing this form of energy.

 We have been gifted by various forms of energies. Exploiting any source of energy disturbs the environment. The non-Renewable energy should be saved and conserved for the welfare of all the life forms on Earth.

Understanding zeroth law of thermodynamics

Let us learn Zeroth Law of Thermodynamics

Let us consider two systems A and B separated from each other by thermally insulated wall (one that conducts no heat), but each being in contact of a third system C through a (diathermic) wall which permits heat to pass. Then the system A will be in thermal equilibrium with system C and similarly system B will also be in thermal equilibrium with system C.
Now if the adiabatic wall between systems A and B is replaced by a diathermic wall, experiments show that no further change occurs in a system A and B indicating thereby the system A was also in thermal equilibrium with B, This important experimental fact leads to the following general conclusion. you can also get help with density of metals . This statement is called the zeroth law of thermodynamics and forms the basis of concept of temperature. All these three systems can be said to possess a property that ensure their being in thermal equilibrium with one another.

Properties of Light

Today's topic is properties of light.

The term light sometimes refers to electromagnetic radiation of any wavelength, whether visible or not.

Light is electromagnetic radiation that has properties of waves. The electromagnetic spectrum can be divided into several bands based on the wavelength of the light waves

There are two properties of light

Reflection and Refraction.


Dispersion of Light

The fact that refractive indices differ for each wavelength of light produces an effect called dispersion of light. This can be seen by shining a beam of white light into a triangular prism made of glass. White light entering such a prism will be refracted in the prism by different angles depending on the wavelength of the light.

When light enters a transparent material some of its energy is dissipated as heat energy, and it thus looses some of its intensity. When this absorption of energy occurs selectively for different wavelengths of light, they light that gets transmitted through the material will show only those wavelengths of light that are not absorbed. The transmitted wavelengths will then be seen as color, called the absorption color of the material.

FORMS OF ENERGY

-->

Energy (is a quantity that can be assigned to every particle, object, and system of objects as a consequence of the state of that particle, object or system of objects. Different forms of energy include kinetic, potential, thermal, gravitational, sound, elastic, light and electromagnetic energy.

Energy transformation in the universe over time are characterized by various kinds of potential energy that has been available since the Big Bang, later being "released" (transformed to more active types of energy such as kinetic or radiant energy), when a triggering mechanism is available.

Different forms of energy.

There are different forms of energy, all of which measure the ability of an object or system to do work on another object or system. Listed below are some forms of energy.

Kinetic Energy

Potential energy

Thermal or heat energy

Chemical energy

Electrical energy

Electrochemical Energy

Electromagnetic Energy

Sound Energy

Nuclear Energy

DEFINITION OF PHYSICS

-->

The science of nature, or of natural objects; that branch of science which treats of the laws and properties of matter, and the forces acting upon it; especially, that department of natural science which treats of the causes (as gravitation, heat, light, magnetism, electricity, etc.) that modify the general properties of bodies; natural philosophy.

Definition of Physics: The branch of science concerned with the study of properties and interactions of space, time, matter and energy.

Physics is considered to be the most basic of the natural sciences. It deals with the fundamental constituents of matter and their interactions as well as the nature of atoms and the build-up of molecules and condensed matter. It tries to give unified descriptions of the behavior of matter as well as of radiation, covering as many types of phenomena as possible. In some of its applications, it comes close to the classical areas of chemistry, and in others there is a clear connection to the phenomena traditionally studied by astronomers. Present trends are even pointing toward a closer approach of some areas of physics and microbiology.

There are different topics in Physics like Waves, types of waves, static electricity, reflection-and-refraction, etc…

WHAT IS KINETIC ENERGY

The kinetic energy of an object is the extra energy which it possesses due to its motion. It is defined as the work needed to accelerate a body of a given mass from rest to its current velocity. The kinetic energy of a single object is completely frame-dependent (relative). The kinetic energy of an object is directly proportional to the square of its speed. The kinetic energy equation is used frequently in conjunction with other forms of energy. Due to the law of conservation of energy, the total energy in a closed system will remain constant.
Kinetic energy is an expression of the fact that a moving object can do work on anything it hits; it quantifies the amount of work the object could do as a result of its motion. The total mechanical energy of an object is the sum of its kinetic Energy and potential energy. An object which has motion - whether it be vertical or horizontal motion - has kinetic energy.

FORMS OF KINETIC ENERGY:

There are many forms of kinetic energy.

Vibrational Energy: It is the energy due to Vibrational motion.
Rotational Energy: It is the energy due to rotational motion.

Translational Energy: It is the energy due to motion from one location to another.

Let us now see one solved example on how to calculate Kinetic Energy.

How much kinetic energy does an object have if its mass is 5.0 kg and it is moving at a speed of 4.0 m/s? EK = (1/2)mv2 EK = (1/2)(5.0 kg)(4.0 m/s)2 EK = 40 J

Solution:

-->

E_K = (1/2)mv²

E_K = (1/2)(5.0 kg)(4.0 m/s)²

E_K = 40 J

Waves

-->

A wave is a disturbance that travels through space and time, usually by transference of energy. There are two types of waves. Waves are described by a wave function that can take on many forms depending on the type of wave. A mechanical wave is a wave that propagates through a medium due to restoring forces produced upon its deformation. Waves travel and transfer energy from one point to another, often with no permanent displacement of the particles of the medium that is, with little or no associated mass transport.

TYPES OF WAVES:

Waves appear in various forms such as water waves, light waves and sound waves. Listed below are the types of waves.

Longitudinal Wave: When the particles of the medium are displaced parallel to the direction of the propagation of the wave, it is called a longitudinal wave.

Transverse Wave: When the particles of the medium are displaced perpendicular to the direction of the propagation of the wave, it is called a transverse wave.